Practice test
Code 3 (heavy motor vehicle) learner's licence practice test
176 questions for the Code 3 (heavy motor vehicle) learner's test, including the vehicle-controls questions specific to this code. Also known as code 10 and code 14.
The real exam has 3 sections. You must pass all 3 on the same day. Pick a section to practise, or run the full mock test.
Every question for the Code 3 (heavy motor vehicle) test
For heavy vehicles above 3 500 kg, the route to the licences still called code 10 and code 14. Vehicle controls include air brakes, retarders and load security.
Rules of the Road (76 questions)
1. What is the general speed limit in an urban area in South Africa?
- A. 40 km/h
- B. 60 km/h
- C. 80 km/h
- D. 100 km/h
Show answer
B. 60 km/h
Unless signposted otherwise, the speed limit in urban areas in South Africa is 60 km/h.
Open this question on its own page →2. What is the general speed limit on a rural public road outside an urban area?
- A. 80 km/h
- B. 100 km/h
- C. 120 km/h
- D. 140 km/h
Show answer
B. 100 km/h
Unless signposted otherwise, the limit on rural public roads is 100 km/h.
Open this question on its own page →3. What is the maximum speed limit on a South African freeway, unless otherwise indicated?
- A. 100 km/h
- B. 110 km/h
- C. 120 km/h
- D. 140 km/h
Show answer
C. 120 km/h
Unless signposted otherwise, the maximum speed on a freeway in South Africa is 120 km/h.
Open this question on its own page →4. What must you do when approaching a stop sign?
- A. Slow down and proceed if clear
- B. Come to a complete stop, then proceed when safe
- C. Hoot, then proceed
- D. Stop only if traffic is approaching
Show answer
B. Come to a complete stop, then proceed when safe
A stop sign requires a complete stop behind the line, then proceeding only when the way is clear.
Open this question on its own page →5. What does a Yield (Give Way) sign require?
- A. A full stop in all cases
- B. Yield to vehicles in or approaching the intersection
- C. Sound the horn
- D. Reduce speed to 20 km/h only
Show answer
B. Yield to vehicles in or approaching the intersection
A yield sign means you must give way to traffic already in or approaching the intersection - stop only if necessary.
Open this question on its own page →6. At a four-way stop, who has the right of way if two vehicles arrive at exactly the same time?
- A. The vehicle on the right
- B. The vehicle on the left
- C. The larger vehicle
- D. The vehicle going straight
Show answer
A. The vehicle on the right
When two vehicles arrive at a four-way stop simultaneously, the vehicle on the right has the right of way.
Open this question on its own page →7. May you overtake another vehicle across a solid white line in the centre of the road?
- A. Yes, if the road ahead is clear
- B. Yes, if you signal first
- C. No, never
- D. Only at night
Show answer
C. No, never
A solid white centre line means no overtaking. You may not cross it to overtake under any circumstance.
Open this question on its own page →8. What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration for a regular driver in South Africa?
- A. 0.00 g/100 ml
- B. 0.02 g/100 ml
- C. 0.05 g/100 ml
- D. 0.08 g/100 ml
Show answer
C. 0.05 g/100 ml
The legal limit for a private vehicle driver is less than 0.05 g per 100 ml of blood. For professional (PrDP) drivers it is 0.02 g.
Open this question on its own page →9. Who is required to wear a seatbelt in a vehicle?
- A. Only the driver
- B. Only the front-seat passengers
- C. All occupants, including rear-seat passengers
- D. Only children under 14
Show answer
C. All occupants, including rear-seat passengers
All occupants of a motor vehicle must wear a seatbelt, including rear-seat passengers, where seatbelts are fitted.
Open this question on its own page →10. May you use a handheld cellphone while driving?
- A. Yes, briefly
- B. Only in heavy traffic
- C. No - handheld use is illegal
- D. Yes, while at traffic lights
Show answer
C. No - handheld use is illegal
Holding a cellphone while driving is illegal in South Africa. You may only use a hands-free device.
Open this question on its own page →11. Who has the right of way at a marked pedestrian crossing?
- A. The driver
- B. The pedestrian
- C. The vehicle on the right
- D. Whoever is first
Show answer
B. The pedestrian
Pedestrians always have the right of way at a marked pedestrian crossing.
Open this question on its own page →12. When must you switch on your headlights during the day?
- A. Only when very dark
- B. In rain, mist, fog or any condition that limits visibility
- C. Only at dusk
- D. Never during the day
Show answer
B. In rain, mist, fog or any condition that limits visibility
Headlights must be on whenever conditions reduce visibility - rain, mist, fog, or smoke - even during the day.
Open this question on its own page →13. What is the minimum safe following distance behind another vehicle?
- A. 1 second
- B. 2 seconds
- C. 3 seconds
- D. 5 seconds
Show answer
B. 2 seconds
A 2-second following distance is the minimum under dry conditions. Increase it in rain or at high speed.
Open this question on its own page →14. At a traffic circle (roundabout), who has the right of way?
- A. Vehicles entering the circle
- B. Vehicles already in the circle
- C. The largest vehicle
- D. The vehicle to your right
Show answer
B. Vehicles already in the circle
Vehicles already in the circle have right of way. You yield when entering.
Open this question on its own page →15. Children under what age must be secured in an approved child restraint?
- A. 1 year
- B. 3 years
- C. 5 years
- D. 10 years
Show answer
B. 3 years
South African law requires children under 3 to be secured in an approved child restraint.
Open this question on its own page →16. What does a broken yellow line on the edge of the road indicate?
- A. Parking is allowed at all times
- B. No stopping at any time
- C. No parking, but you may stop to load or unload
- D. Pedestrians only
Show answer
C. No parking, but you may stop to load or unload
A broken yellow line at the road edge means no parking, but stopping briefly to drop off or pick up is permitted.
Open this question on its own page →17. What does a solid yellow line on the edge of the road mean?
- A. Parking is permitted
- B. No stopping at any time
- C. Only buses may stop here
- D. Pedestrian zone ahead
Show answer
B. No stopping at any time
A solid yellow edge line means no stopping at any time - not even briefly.
Open this question on its own page →18. May you overtake a vehicle on the left in South Africa?
- A. Yes, always
- B. Yes, only when the vehicle ahead is turning right
- C. No, never
- D. Yes, on freeways only
Show answer
B. Yes, only when the vehicle ahead is turning right
Overtaking on the left is only permitted when the vehicle ahead has signalled and is turning right, or when in queuing traffic.
Open this question on its own page →19. When are you allowed to use your hooter (horn) in a built-up area?
- A. Any time to warn pedestrians
- B. Only to avoid an accident
- C. Any time you need to get another driver's attention
- D. Whenever you feel it is safe
Show answer
B. Only to avoid an accident
The hooter should only be used to avoid an accident or to warn of imminent danger. Using it casually in built-up areas is prohibited.
Open this question on its own page →20. What should you do when a traffic light turns amber (yellow)?
- A. Accelerate to pass before red
- B. Sound the horn
- C. Stop before the stop line if it is safe to do so
- D. Proceed normally
Show answer
C. Stop before the stop line if it is safe to do so
Amber means prepare to stop. You should stop before the line unless it is unsafe to do so (you are too close to stop safely).
Open this question on its own page →21. What does a flashing red traffic light mean?
- A. Proceed with caution
- B. Treat it as a stop sign - come to a complete stop
- C. The lights are broken, proceed freely
- D. Give way to the right
Show answer
B. Treat it as a stop sign - come to a complete stop
A flashing red light must be treated as a stop sign - you must stop completely and proceed only when safe.
Open this question on its own page →22. What does a flashing amber traffic light mean?
- A. Stop immediately
- B. Proceed with caution - treat as a yield
- C. The intersection is closed
- D. Emergency vehicles approaching
Show answer
B. Proceed with caution - treat as a yield
A flashing amber means proceed with caution - yield to any traffic or pedestrians that have the right of way.
Open this question on its own page →23. What must you do when an emergency vehicle (ambulance, fire truck, police) is approaching with sirens?
- A. Speed up to clear the road
- B. Stop where you are immediately
- C. Pull over to the left and stop until it has passed
- D. Pull into the right lane
Show answer
C. Pull over to the left and stop until it has passed
You must pull over to the left side of the road and stop to allow emergency vehicles to pass. Don't block intersections.
Open this question on its own page →24. What is the maximum speed when towing a trailer or caravan in South Africa?
- A. 100 km/h on all roads
- B. 80 km/h on all roads
- C. 120 km/h on freeways, 100 km/h elsewhere
- D. The same as a car - 120 km/h on freeways
Show answer
B. 80 km/h on all roads
When towing any trailer or caravan, the speed limit is 80 km/h on all roads, regardless of the posted speed limit.
Open this question on its own page →25. What happens if you accumulate too many demerit points in South Africa?
- A. You pay a fine only
- B. Your licence is suspended or cancelled depending on the number
- C. Nothing - demerit points are only recorded
- D. You must retake the K53
Show answer
B. Your licence is suspended or cancelled depending on the number
Under the AARTO system, accumulating demerit points leads to licence suspension and ultimately cancellation if the maximum is reached.
Open this question on its own page →26. You are at a stop sign when an emergency vehicle approaches from behind. What do you do?
- A. Run the stop sign to clear the road
- B. Wait at the stop sign until the emergency vehicle passes you
- C. Move forward into the intersection cautiously to clear the way
- D. Sound your horn
Show answer
C. Move forward into the intersection cautiously to clear the way
Move forward cautiously through the intersection (even if it's red or a stop sign) to clear the path for the emergency vehicle - but only if it is safe to do so.
Open this question on its own page →27. How far from an intersection must you park?
- A. 3 metres
- B. 5 metres
- C. 9 metres
- D. 12 metres
Show answer
C. 9 metres
You must park at least 9 metres from an intersection in South Africa to keep sightlines clear.
Open this question on its own page →28. When must you perform a blind-spot check?
- A. Only on freeways
- B. Before every lane change, pulling away from the kerb, or turning
- C. Only when changing to the right lane
- D. Only at night
Show answer
B. Before every lane change, pulling away from the kerb, or turning
A blind-spot check (head turn) is required before every lane change, pulling away, and turning manoeuvre - not just a mirror check.
Open this question on its own page →29. How should you adjust your following distance in wet or slippery conditions?
- A. No change - brakes work the same in rain
- B. Halve it to react faster
- C. At least double the dry-condition following distance
- D. Move to 1 second only
Show answer
C. At least double the dry-condition following distance
Wet roads significantly increase braking distance. Double the following distance (minimum 4 seconds) in rain or on wet roads.
Open this question on its own page →30. When turning right at a multi-lane intersection, which lane should you end up in?
- A. The left lane of the road you're turning into
- B. The nearest right lane of the road you're turning into
- C. Any lane of the road you're turning into
- D. The middle lane
Show answer
B. The nearest right lane of the road you're turning into
When turning right, you should enter the rightmost (nearest) lane of the road you're turning into, then move left when safe.
Open this question on its own page →31. What is the maximum speed allowed when towing another vehicle with a tow rope or cable?
- A. 20 km/h
- B. 30 km/h
- C. 50 km/h
- D. 80 km/h
Show answer
B. 30 km/h
When towing with a rope or cable (not a rigid bar), the maximum speed is 30 km/h. This gives the towed driver enough reaction time.
Open this question on its own page →32. What is the maximum permitted length of a tow rope or cable in South Africa?
- A. 1.8 metres
- B. 3.5 metres
- C. 5 metres
- D. 10 metres
Show answer
B. 3.5 metres
The maximum length of a tow rope or cable between two vehicles is 3.5 metres. A clearly visible flag or marker must be attached at the midpoint.
Open this question on its own page →33. When following an emergency vehicle responding to a call, what is the minimum following distance you must maintain?
- A. 50 metres
- B. 100 metres
- C. 150 metres
- D. 200 metres
Show answer
C. 150 metres
South African law requires a minimum following distance of 150 metres behind an emergency vehicle that is responding to an emergency with lights and sirens active.
Open this question on its own page →34. What is the general speed limit on a South African freeway?
- A. 100 km/h
- B. 110 km/h
- C. 120 km/h
- D. 140 km/h
Show answer
C. 120 km/h
Unless signposted otherwise, the freeway limit is 120 km/h for light motor vehicles.
Open this question on its own page →35. What is the maximum speed limit for a goods vehicle with a gross vehicle mass over 9 000 kg?
- A. 60 km/h
- B. 80 km/h
- C. 100 km/h
- D. 120 km/h
Show answer
B. 80 km/h
Heavy goods vehicles over 9 000 kg GVM are limited to 80 km/h, even on a freeway where cars may travel at 120 km/h.
Open this question on its own page →36. What is the minimum safe following distance behind the vehicle in front in good conditions?
- A. One second
- B. Two seconds
- C. Five seconds
- D. One car length
Show answer
B. Two seconds
Use the two-second rule: pick a fixed point, and you should reach it no sooner than two seconds after the vehicle ahead.
Open this question on its own page →37. How should your following distance change on a wet road?
- A. Stay the same
- B. Halve it
- C. At least double it
- D. Reduce it slightly
Show answer
C. At least double it
Braking distances lengthen dramatically on a wet surface. At least double the two-second gap to four seconds or more.
Open this question on its own page →38. What is the legal blood alcohol limit for an ordinary driver in South Africa?
- A. 0.02 g per 100 ml
- B. 0.05 g per 100 ml
- C. 0.08 g per 100 ml
- D. There is no limit
Show answer
B. 0.05 g per 100 ml
The limit for an ordinary driver is less than 0.05 g of alcohol per 100 ml of blood.
Open this question on its own page →39. What is the legal blood alcohol limit for a professional driver?
- A. 0.02 g per 100 ml
- B. 0.05 g per 100 ml
- C. 0.08 g per 100 ml
- D. The same as any driver
Show answer
A. 0.02 g per 100 ml
Professional drivers are held to a stricter limit of less than 0.02 g per 100 ml of blood.
Open this question on its own page →40. How long is a South African learner's licence valid for?
- A. 6 months
- B. 12 months
- C. 24 months
- D. 5 years
Show answer
C. 24 months
A learner's licence is valid for 24 months. If you have not passed your driving test by then, you must write it again.
Open this question on its own page →41. How often must a South African driving licence card be renewed?
- A. Every 2 years
- B. Every 5 years
- C. Every 10 years
- D. Never
Show answer
B. Every 5 years
The card is valid for five years. The licence itself does not expire, but the card must be renewed.
Open this question on its own page →42. Two vehicles reach a four-way stop at exactly the same moment. Who has right of way?
- A. The vehicle on the left
- B. The vehicle on the right
- C. The larger vehicle
- D. Whoever hoots first
Show answer
B. The vehicle on the right
First to stop, first to go. When two vehicles arrive together, the vehicle on the right has right of way.
Open this question on its own page →43. Who has right of way at a traffic circle?
- A. Traffic entering the circle
- B. Traffic already in the circle, approaching from your right
- C. The vehicle travelling fastest
- D. Traffic on the widest road
Show answer
B. Traffic already in the circle, approaching from your right
You yield to traffic already in the circle, which approaches from your right, and only enter when there is a safe gap.
Open this question on its own page →44. What must you do when a traffic light turns amber as you approach it?
- A. Accelerate to clear the intersection
- B. Stop, unless you are so close that stopping safely is impossible
- C. Continue at the same speed
- D. Hoot and proceed
Show answer
B. Stop, unless you are so close that stopping safely is impossible
Amber means stop. You may only continue if you are so close that stopping would be dangerous.
Open this question on its own page →45. A traffic officer directs you to go while the traffic light is red. What do you do?
- A. Obey the traffic light and stay stopped
- B. Obey the traffic officer
- C. Wait for the light to turn green
- D. Hoot for clarification
Show answer
B. Obey the traffic officer
Directions from a traffic officer override traffic signals, signs and road markings.
Open this question on its own page →46. On which side do you normally overtake another vehicle in South Africa?
- A. The left
- B. The right
- C. Either side
- D. Whichever is quicker
Show answer
B. The right
South Africa drives on the left, so you overtake on the right. Passing on the left is only allowed in specific situations, such as when the vehicle ahead is turning right.
Open this question on its own page →47. What does a solid white barrier line in the centre of the road mean?
- A. You may cross it to overtake if the road is clear
- B. You may not cross or straddle it
- C. It marks a parking area
- D. It marks the edge of the roadway
Show answer
B. You may not cross or straddle it
A barrier line may not be crossed or straddled. It is painted where overtaking is dangerous, such as blind rises and curves.
Open this question on its own page →48. What does a broken white line in the centre of the road mean?
- A. Overtaking is prohibited
- B. You may cross it when it is safe to do so
- C. The road ahead is closed
- D. You must stop
Show answer
B. You may cross it when it is safe to do so
A broken line may be crossed when it is safe: to overtake, turn or change lanes.
Open this question on its own page →49. Who must wear a seatbelt in a motor vehicle?
- A. Only the driver
- B. Only the driver and front passenger
- C. Every occupant for whom a seatbelt is fitted
- D. Only occupants under 18
Show answer
C. Every occupant for whom a seatbelt is fitted
Every occupant must wear a seatbelt where one is fitted, front and back.
Open this question on its own page →50. May you use a cellphone while driving in South Africa?
- A. Yes, at any time
- B. Only if it is a hands-free system
- C. Only when stopped at a red light
- D. Only for text messages
Show answer
B. Only if it is a hands-free system
You may not hold a cellphone or any part of it while driving. Only a properly installed hands-free system is permitted.
Open this question on its own page →51. When must you switch on your headlights?
- A. Only when it is completely dark
- B. Between sunset and sunrise, and whenever visibility is poor
- C. Only on freeways
- D. Only in the rain
Show answer
B. Between sunset and sunrise, and whenever visibility is poor
Headlights are compulsory between sunset and sunrise and whenever you cannot see persons or vehicles clearly, such as in rain, fog or dust.
Open this question on its own page →52. When should you use your hazard lights?
- A. Whenever it rains heavily
- B. To warn other road users that your vehicle is a hazard, for example when stopped in an unsafe place
- C. When driving slowly in traffic
- D. To thank another driver
Show answer
B. To warn other road users that your vehicle is a hazard, for example when stopped in an unsafe place
Hazard lights warn that your vehicle is a hazard, usually when stationary. Driving with them on in the rain hides your indicators from other drivers.
Open this question on its own page →53. An ambulance approaches from behind with lights and siren on. What must you do?
- A. Speed up to get out of the way
- B. Stop immediately where you are
- C. Move to the left when safe and let it pass
- D. Ignore it if you have right of way
Show answer
C. Move to the left when safe and let it pass
Give way to emergency vehicles: move to the left when it is safe and allow them past. Do not brake suddenly or stop in the middle of the road.
Open this question on its own page →54. What must you do at a level crossing when the red lights are flashing?
- A. Cross quickly before the train arrives
- B. Stop and wait until the lights stop flashing
- C. Proceed if you cannot see a train
- D. Hoot and cross
Show answer
B. Stop and wait until the lights stop flashing
Flashing red lights mean stop. Wait until they stop flashing and any barrier is fully raised.
Open this question on its own page →55. A pedestrian is waiting to step onto a marked pedestrian crossing ahead of you. What must you do?
- A. Hoot to warn them
- B. Slow down and be ready to stop, yielding to the pedestrian
- C. Continue, since vehicles have right of way
- D. Speed up to clear the crossing
Show answer
B. Slow down and be ready to stop, yielding to the pedestrian
Pedestrians have right of way at a marked crossing. Approach ready to stop and yield.
Open this question on its own page →56. Where must you place your emergency warning triangle if your vehicle breaks down on the road?
- A. Directly behind the vehicle
- B. At least 45 m behind the vehicle
- C. 10 m in front of the vehicle
- D. On the roof of the vehicle
Show answer
B. At least 45 m behind the vehicle
The triangle must be placed at least 45 m behind the vehicle so approaching traffic has time to react.
Open this question on its own page →57. What is the minimum legal tyre tread depth in South Africa?
- A. 0.5 mm
- B. 1 mm
- C. 3 mm
- D. 5 mm
Show answer
B. 1 mm
Tyres must have at least 1 mm of tread across the entire circumference. Below that the vehicle is unroadworthy.
Open this question on its own page →58. Within what period must you report an accident to the police if nobody was injured and details were not exchanged?
- A. Immediately only
- B. Within 24 hours
- C. Within 7 days
- D. It need not be reported
Show answer
B. Within 24 hours
An accident must be reported to a police station within 24 hours. You must also stop at the scene and render assistance.
Open this question on its own page →59. When may you legally use your hooter?
- A. To greet someone you recognise
- B. To express annoyance with another driver
- C. To warn of danger or to avoid a collision
- D. To hurry the vehicle in front of you
Show answer
C. To warn of danger or to avoid a collision
The hooter is a safety device. Use it to warn other road users of your presence or of danger, not out of impatience.
Open this question on its own page →60. How often must a motor vehicle licence (the disc on the windscreen) be renewed?
- A. Every 6 months
- B. Every year
- C. Every 5 years
- D. Only when you sell the vehicle
Show answer
B. Every year
The vehicle licence disc is renewed annually. Driving with an expired disc is an offence.
Open this question on its own page →61. What is the rule about reversing a vehicle?
- A. You may reverse any distance on any road
- B. You may only reverse when it is safe, and only as far as necessary
- C. You may reverse on a freeway if traffic is light
- D. Reversing is never permitted on a public road
Show answer
B. You may only reverse when it is safe, and only as far as necessary
Reverse only when it is safe to do so and for the shortest distance necessary. Reversing on a freeway is prohibited.
Open this question on its own page →62. You want to turn right across oncoming traffic at an intersection. What must you do?
- A. Turn as soon as you reach the intersection
- B. Yield to oncoming traffic and turn only when there is a safe gap
- C. Hoot and turn
- D. Oncoming traffic must stop for you
Show answer
B. Yield to oncoming traffic and turn only when there is a safe gap
A right turn crosses the path of oncoming traffic, so you must yield and wait for a safe gap.
Open this question on its own page →63. What must you do before changing lanes?
- A. Indicate only
- B. Check your mirrors, indicate, and check your blind spot
- C. Check your blind spot only
- D. Change lanes quickly to avoid delay
Show answer
B. Check your mirrors, indicate, and check your blind spot
Mirror, signal, blind spot, then move. Mirrors alone do not cover the blind spot where a car or motorcycle can hide.
Open this question on its own page →64. How must you park alongside the edge of a public road?
- A. Facing any direction that is convenient
- B. Facing the direction of travel, as near as possible to the left edge
- C. Facing oncoming traffic so you can see it
- D. At least 2 m from the kerb
Show answer
B. Facing the direction of travel, as near as possible to the left edge
Park facing the direction of travel and as close as possible to the left edge of the roadway.
Open this question on its own page →65. May you drive in the yellow lane on the left of the roadway to let a faster vehicle pass?
- A. Yes, it is always allowed
- B. No, the yellow line marks the edge of the roadway and is not a traffic lane
- C. Yes, but only at night
- D. Yes, on freeways only
Show answer
B. No, the yellow line marks the edge of the roadway and is not a traffic lane
The yellow line marks the edge of the roadway. It is not a driving lane, and using it as one is both illegal and a common cause of crashes involving stopped vehicles and pedestrians.
Open this question on its own page →66. Is private motor vehicle insurance compulsory in South Africa?
- A. Yes, comprehensive cover is compulsory
- B. No, but the Road Accident Fund levy on fuel covers certain third-party injury claims
- C. Yes, but only for new vehicles
- D. Only for vehicles used commercially
Show answer
B. No, but the Road Accident Fund levy on fuel covers certain third-party injury claims
Private insurance is not legally required. A levy on every litre of fuel funds the Road Accident Fund, which compensates certain injury claims.
Open this question on its own page →67. What is the difference between stopping and parking?
- A. There is no difference
- B. Stopping is bringing the vehicle to a halt briefly; parking is leaving it standing, usually unattended
- C. Parking is always longer than one hour
- D. Stopping applies only to buses
Show answer
B. Stopping is bringing the vehicle to a halt briefly; parking is leaving it standing, usually unattended
A 'no stopping' sign is stricter than 'no parking': where stopping is prohibited you may not even halt briefly to drop off a passenger.
Open this question on its own page →68. When is a roadworthy certificate normally required?
- A. Every year for every vehicle
- B. When a vehicle changes ownership, and for certain vehicle classes periodically
- C. Only after an accident
- D. Never, in South Africa
Show answer
B. When a vehicle changes ownership, and for certain vehicle classes periodically
A roadworthy test is required when a vehicle changes ownership, and periodically for classes such as buses, taxis and goods vehicles.
Open this question on its own page →69. What does the law require for a child under the age of three travelling in a car?
- A. The child may sit on an adult's lap
- B. The child must be secured in an appropriate child restraint
- C. The child must sit in the front seat
- D. Nothing specific is required
Show answer
B. The child must be secured in an appropriate child restraint
A child under three must be strapped into an appropriate child restraint where the vehicle is fitted with one.
Open this question on its own page →70. May you overtake on a blind rise or a sharp curve?
- A. Yes, if you accelerate hard
- B. No, you may not overtake where you cannot see far enough ahead to do so safely
- C. Yes, if you hoot first
- D. Yes, during daylight hours
Show answer
B. No, you may not overtake where you cannot see far enough ahead to do so safely
Never overtake where your view of oncoming traffic is obstructed. Barrier lines are usually painted at these points for exactly this reason.
Open this question on its own page →71. Your vehicle begins to skid on a wet road. What is the correct response?
- A. Brake as hard as possible
- B. Ease off the accelerator and steer gently in the direction you want to go
- C. Pull the handbrake
- D. Turn the steering wheel sharply the other way
Show answer
B. Ease off the accelerator and steer gently in the direction you want to go
Harsh braking or sharp steering makes a skid worse. Ease off, look and steer gently where you want the vehicle to go.
Open this question on its own page →72. Total stopping distance is made up of which two parts?
- A. Reaction distance and braking distance
- B. Following distance and braking distance
- C. Reaction distance and turning distance
- D. Speed and tyre pressure
Show answer
A. Reaction distance and braking distance
Stopping distance is the distance travelled while you react, plus the distance travelled while the brakes bring you to a stop.
Open this question on its own page →73. What happens to your braking distance if you double your speed?
- A. It stays the same
- B. It doubles
- C. It roughly quadruples
- D. It halves
Show answer
C. It roughly quadruples
Braking distance increases roughly with the square of speed, so doubling your speed multiplies braking distance by about four.
Open this question on its own page →74. On a one-way road with two or more lanes, may you pass another vehicle on its left?
- A. Never
- B. Yes, this is permitted on a one-way carriageway
- C. Only if the other vehicle indicates
- D. Only at night
Show answer
B. Yes, this is permitted on a one-way carriageway
Passing on the left is allowed on a one-way carriageway with more than one lane, and when the vehicle ahead is turning right.
Open this question on its own page →75. A scholar patrol holds up a sign at a school crossing. What must you do?
- A. Slow down but continue if no children are crossing
- B. Stop and remain stopped until the patrol lowers the sign
- C. Hoot to warn the children
- D. Drive around the patrol
Show answer
B. Stop and remain stopped until the patrol lowers the sign
Stop and stay stopped until the scholar patrol signals that you may proceed.
Open this question on its own page →76. You approach a low-water bridge covered in flowing water. What is the safest action?
- A. Drive across quickly to avoid stalling
- B. Do not cross; turn around and find another route
- C. Cross slowly in a low gear
- D. Follow the vehicle in front across
Show answer
B. Do not cross; turn around and find another route
Never drive into flowing water of unknown depth. Vehicles are swept away in surprisingly shallow water, and this is a common cause of drowning deaths in South Africa.
Open this question on its own page →
Road Signs (65 questions)
1. What does a red triangular road sign indicate?
- A. Regulatory instruction
- B. Warning of a hazard ahead
- C. Tourist information
- D. Direction to a city
Show answer
B. Warning of a hazard ahead
Red triangular signs are warning signs - they indicate a hazard or condition ahead.
Open this question on its own page →2. What does a sign with a red circle indicate?
- A. A warning
- B. A prohibition (you may not do something)
- C. A direction
- D. A tourist site
Show answer
B. A prohibition (you may not do something)
A red circle indicates a prohibition - for example, 'no entry' or 'no overtaking'.
Open this question on its own page →3. What does a blue circular sign indicate?
- A. A prohibition
- B. A warning
- C. A command (you must do something)
- D. Information only
Show answer
C. A command (you must do something)
Blue circular signs are command signs - they tell you what you must do, such as 'turn left'.
Open this question on its own page →4. What shape is the international Stop sign?
- A. Triangle
- B. Circle
- C. Octagon
- D. Square
Show answer
C. Octagon
The Stop sign is an octagon (eight sides) - the only sign of this shape, so it's recognisable even when dirty.
Open this question on its own page →5. What does a yellow-and-black diamond sign mean?
- A. A regulatory sign
- B. A temporary warning, often for roadworks
- C. Tourist destination
- D. Highway entrance
Show answer
B. A temporary warning, often for roadworks
Yellow diamond signs are temporary warning signs, usually for roadworks or temporary hazards.
Open this question on its own page →6. What does a sign showing two cars side-by-side with a red border indicate?
- A. Overtaking permitted
- B. No overtaking
- C. Two-way traffic
- D. Carpool lane
Show answer
B. No overtaking
Two cars side-by-side in a red-bordered circle means overtaking is prohibited.
Open this question on its own page →7. What does a yellow diamond sign showing a person walking mean?
- A. School zone
- B. Pedestrian crossing ahead
- C. Pedestrian-only road
- D. No pedestrians
Show answer
B. Pedestrian crossing ahead
A walking-person symbol on a yellow diamond warns of a pedestrian crossing ahead.
Open this question on its own page →8. A yellow diamond showing two children walking indicates what?
- A. A school crossing or school zone ahead
- B. A playground
- C. A bus stop
- D. A pedestrian-only zone
Show answer
A. A school crossing or school zone ahead
Two children walking on a yellow diamond warns of a school crossing or school zone ahead.
Open this question on its own page →9. What does a yellow diamond sign showing a skidding car mean?
- A. Sharp curve ahead
- B. Slippery road surface
- C. Roadworks
- D. Unstable shoulder
Show answer
B. Slippery road surface
A car with curved skid marks warns of a slippery road surface ahead.
Open this question on its own page →10. What does a sign with a U-shaped arrow inside a red circle indicate?
- A. U-turn permitted
- B. No U-turn
- C. Roundabout ahead
- D. Two-way traffic
Show answer
B. No U-turn
A U-shaped arrow inside a red circle prohibits U-turns at that point.
Open this question on its own page →11. A horizontal arrow in a rectangular sign typically indicates what?
- A. A one-way street in the direction of the arrow
- B. Wrong way
- C. Stop ahead
- D. No entry
Show answer
A. A one-way street in the direction of the arrow
A horizontal arrow in a rectangular sign indicates the direction of a one-way street.
Open this question on its own page →12. A yellow diamond with a curved line indicates what?
- A. A slippery road surface
- B. A sharp curve ahead
- C. A junction ahead
- D. A hill ahead
Show answer
B. A sharp curve ahead
A curved-line symbol on a yellow diamond warns of a sharp curve in the road ahead.
Open this question on its own page →13. A yellow diamond showing parallel lines that converge means?
- A. Road widens ahead
- B. Road narrows ahead
- C. Bridge ahead
- D. Tunnel ahead
Show answer
B. Road narrows ahead
Converging lines on a yellow diamond mean the road narrows ahead. Stay in your lane and be prepared.
Open this question on its own page →14. A white horizontal bar inside a red circle means?
- A. Slow down
- B. No entry for all vehicles
- C. One-way street
- D. Stop
Show answer
B. No entry for all vehicles
A horizontal white bar on a red circle is the 'no entry' sign - no vehicles may enter from that direction.
Open this question on its own page →15. A white number inside a red circle (e.g. 60) indicates what?
- A. Recommended speed
- B. Minimum speed limit
- C. Maximum speed limit
- D. Average speed camera ahead
Show answer
C. Maximum speed limit
A number inside a red circle is a regulatory speed limit sign - the maximum speed allowed at that point.
Open this question on its own page →16. A white number inside a red circle with a diagonal line through it means?
- A. New speed limit applies
- B. The stated speed limit is now in force
- C. The speed limit restriction has ended
- D. Speed camera zone
Show answer
C. The speed limit restriction has ended
A speed limit sign with a diagonal line cancels that speed restriction. The general limit for that road type resumes.
Open this question on its own page →17. A yellow diamond showing a small traffic light symbol means?
- A. Traffic lights are broken
- B. Traffic lights ahead
- C. No traffic lights ahead
- D. Stop ahead
Show answer
B. Traffic lights ahead
A traffic light symbol on a yellow diamond warns you that traffic lights are coming up ahead.
Open this question on its own page →18. A yellow diamond showing a T-shape indicates?
- A. Crossroads ahead
- B. T-junction ahead
- C. One-way road end
- D. Y-fork ahead
Show answer
B. T-junction ahead
A T-shape on a yellow diamond warns of a T-junction ahead. The road you are on ends - you must turn left or right.
Open this question on its own page →19. A yellow diamond with an 'X' and two diagonal lines indicates?
- A. No stopping
- B. An uncontrolled railway crossing ahead
- C. Crossroads ahead
- D. No entry for trucks
Show answer
B. An uncontrolled railway crossing ahead
The X symbol with diagonal lines warns of an uncontrolled level crossing ahead - no lights or boom gate.
Open this question on its own page →20. A yellow diamond showing a silhouette of a cow means?
- A. No livestock vehicles
- B. Cattle crossing ahead
- C. Farmland begins
- D. Slow vehicle zone
Show answer
B. Cattle crossing ahead
A cattle silhouette on a yellow diamond warns that animals may cross the road ahead - slow down.
Open this question on its own page →21. A yellow diamond with a falling-rock symbol means?
- A. Slippery road
- B. Rockfall hazard ahead
- C. Gravel road begins
- D. Mountain pass
Show answer
B. Rockfall hazard ahead
A falling-rock symbol warns of a rockfall hazard - rocks may land on the road unexpectedly.
Open this question on its own page →22. A right-pointing arrow inside a red circle with a line through it means?
- A. Keep right
- B. No right turn at this point
- C. Right turn only
- D. Right lane closed
Show answer
B. No right turn at this point
An arrow with a red prohibition circle and diagonal line through it means no right turn is allowed at that point.
Open this question on its own page →23. A blue circle with a white arrow pointing left and then up means?
- A. Turn left
- B. Keep left of the island
- C. No right turn
- D. One-way road
Show answer
B. Keep left of the island
This blue command sign means keep to the left of a traffic island or median.
Open this question on its own page →24. A white number inside a blue circle means?
- A. Maximum speed limit
- B. Minimum speed limit
- C. Advisory speed
- D. Truck speed limit
Show answer
B. Minimum speed limit
A white number on a blue circle is a minimum speed sign - you must not go slower than this on that road section.
Open this question on its own page →25. A blue rectangular sign showing a bus silhouette indicates?
- A. No buses allowed
- B. Bus route begins
- C. Bus stop or bay
- D. Buses only lane
Show answer
C. Bus stop or bay
A blue bus sign marks an official bus stop or bus bay. Private cars may not park here.
Open this question on its own page →26. A white rectangular sign showing a walking figure on a black background at a crossing means?
- A. Warning of pedestrians
- B. Mandatory pedestrian crossing - give way
- C. No pedestrians
- D. School zone
Show answer
B. Mandatory pedestrian crossing - give way
At a marked crossing with this sign, pedestrians have the right of way. You must give way.
Open this question on its own page →27. A yellow diamond showing a truck on a steep downward slope means?
- A. No trucks
- B. Steep downhill ahead - engage a lower gear
- C. Speed bump ahead
- D. Gravel road
Show answer
B. Steep downhill ahead - engage a lower gear
This sign warns of a steep descent. Engage a lower gear to control speed and prevent brake fade.
Open this question on its own page →28. An 'N' on a speed-limit sign (e.g. 'N 120') means what?
- A. Night speed limit
- B. National road speed limit applies
- C. No restriction
- D. Narrow road
Show answer
B. National road speed limit applies
'N' indicates the national speed limit for that road type applies - 120 km/h on freeways, 100 km/h on rural roads, etc.
Open this question on its own page →29. What is the key difference between a Yield sign and a Stop sign?
- A. Yield is for trucks only
- B. A Stop sign requires a complete stop; a Yield sign only requires stopping if traffic is present
- C. Both require a full stop
- D. Yield applies only at night
Show answer
B. A Stop sign requires a complete stop; a Yield sign only requires stopping if traffic is present
At a Stop sign you must always stop completely. At a Yield sign you only need to stop if conflicting traffic is present - otherwise slow and proceed.
Open this question on its own page →30. White diagonal stripes on a yellow rectangular board at a curve are called?
- A. Lane-marking signs
- B. Chevron (delineator) boards - indicating a sharp bend direction
- C. No-entry markers
- D. Road closure signs
Show answer
B. Chevron (delineator) boards - indicating a sharp bend direction
Chevron boards use diagonal stripes to indicate the direction and sharpness of a curve - the stripes point the direction you should steer.
Open this question on its own page →31. What does an eight-sided (octagonal) red sign mean?
- A. Yield
- B. Stop
- C. No entry
- D. Road closed
Show answer
B. Stop
The octagonal red sign is the STOP sign. You must come to a complete stop behind the line.
Open this question on its own page →32. What does a red-bordered triangle pointing downwards mean?
- A. Stop
- B. Yield to traffic on the road you are entering
- C. Warning of a hazard
- D. No entry
Show answer
B. Yield to traffic on the road you are entering
The inverted triangle is the YIELD sign. Slow down and give way; you only stop if traffic requires it.
Open this question on its own page →33. What do green road signs generally indicate in South Africa?
- A. Prohibitions
- B. Freeway direction and destination information
- C. Warnings
- D. Temporary roadworks
Show answer
B. Freeway direction and destination information
Green signs carry direction and destination information on freeways. Blue signs do the same on ordinary roads.
Open this question on its own page →34. What does a diamond-shaped sign with a yellow background indicate?
- A. A permanent warning
- B. A temporary condition, such as roadworks ahead
- C. A tourist attraction
- D. A prohibition
Show answer
B. A temporary condition, such as roadworks ahead
Yellow diamond signs mark temporary conditions such as roadworks. They override the permanent signs for that stretch of road.
Open this question on its own page →35. A round sign with a red circle and a single white horizontal bar means:
- A. No stopping
- B. No entry for vehicles
- C. No overtaking
- D. One-way street
Show answer
B. No entry for vehicles
The red circle with a white bar means no entry. Do not proceed past it in any vehicle.
Open this question on its own page →36. A round sign showing two cars, the right-hand one in red, inside a red circle means:
- A. No entry
- B. Overtaking is prohibited
- C. Two-way traffic ahead
- D. Keep right
Show answer
B. Overtaking is prohibited
This is the no-overtaking sign. It applies until an end-of-restriction sign or a change in road markings.
Open this question on its own page →37. A blue circular sign with a white arrow pointing left means:
- A. You may turn left
- B. You must keep left
- C. Left turn prohibited
- D. Left lane closed
Show answer
B. You must keep left
Blue circular signs give commands. A white arrow means you must travel in the direction shown.
Open this question on its own page →38. How is a speed limit shown on a South African road sign?
- A. A number inside a red circle
- B. A number inside a blue circle
- C. A number on a yellow diamond
- D. A number on a green rectangle
Show answer
A. A number inside a red circle
A number in a red circle sets the maximum speed. A number in a blue circle is a minimum speed.
Open this question on its own page →39. What does a number inside a blue circle mean?
- A. The maximum speed allowed
- B. The minimum speed you must maintain
- C. The recommended speed
- D. The distance to the next town
Show answer
B. The minimum speed you must maintain
Blue circles command. A number in a blue circle is the minimum speed for that lane or road.
Open this question on its own page →40. A red-bordered triangle showing two children means:
- A. A playground is for sale
- B. Children may be crossing ahead, usually near a school
- C. No children allowed
- D. A school bus stop only
Show answer
B. Children may be crossing ahead, usually near a school
It warns that children are likely in the road ahead. Reduce speed and be ready to stop.
Open this question on its own page →41. A triangular warning sign showing a car with wavy skid lines means:
- A. Car wash ahead
- B. Slippery road ahead
- C. Loose gravel ahead
- D. Speed humps ahead
Show answer
B. Slippery road ahead
It warns that the road ahead may be slippery. Slow down and avoid harsh braking or steering.
Open this question on its own page →42. You see a warning sign indicating the tarred surface ends ahead. What should you do?
- A. Maintain your speed
- B. Slow down before the surface changes, because grip and braking will be poorer on gravel
- C. Accelerate to cross the gravel quickly
- D. Switch on your hazard lights and continue
Show answer
B. Slow down before the surface changes, because grip and braking will be poorer on gravel
Reduce speed before you reach gravel. Braking, steering and stopping distances all worsen on a loose surface.
Open this question on its own page →43. A triangular sign showing a T shape means:
- A. A tunnel ahead
- B. A T-junction ahead
- C. A toll road ahead
- D. A truck stop ahead
Show answer
B. A T-junction ahead
The road you are on ends at a T-junction ahead. Prepare to yield or stop and turn.
Open this question on its own page →44. A triangular sign showing three curved arrows in a circle warns of:
- A. A roundabout or traffic circle ahead
- B. A U-turn area
- C. A parking area
- D. A cul-de-sac
Show answer
A. A roundabout or traffic circle ahead
A traffic circle is ahead. Slow down and prepare to yield to traffic already in the circle.
Open this question on its own page →45. A triangular warning sign showing a cow or kudu means:
- A. A farm stall is ahead
- B. Animals may be in the road ahead
- C. A game reserve entrance
- D. Livestock transport route
Show answer
B. Animals may be in the road ahead
Animals may stray onto the road ahead. Reduce speed, especially at dawn, dusk and at night.
Open this question on its own page →46. A blue rectangular sign with a single white arrow indicates:
- A. A one-way roadway in the direction of the arrow
- B. A detour
- C. A dead end
- D. A bus lane
Show answer
A. A one-way roadway in the direction of the arrow
It marks a one-way roadway. You may only travel in the direction of the arrow.
Open this question on its own page →47. A blue circular sign with a red border and a single red diagonal line means:
- A. No parking
- B. No stopping
- C. No entry
- D. No U-turn
Show answer
A. No parking
A single diagonal line means no parking. Two crossed diagonal lines mean no stopping at all.
Open this question on its own page →48. A red circle containing a U-shaped arrow with a line through it means:
- A. No left turn
- B. No right turn
- C. U-turns are prohibited
- D. No overtaking
Show answer
C. U-turns are prohibited
You may not make a U-turn at that point.
Open this question on its own page →49. Which shape is used for most South African warning signs?
- A. Circle
- B. Triangle
- C. Rectangle
- D. Octagon
Show answer
B. Triangle
Warning signs are triangular with a red border. Circles regulate, rectangles inform.
Open this question on its own page →50. What does a blue rectangular sign usually convey?
- A. A prohibition
- B. A warning
- C. Information or direction on an ordinary road
- D. A temporary condition
Show answer
C. Information or direction on an ordinary road
Blue rectangles carry information and direction on ordinary roads; green rectangles do the same on freeways.
Open this question on its own page →51. A triangular sign showing a steam locomotive warns of:
- A. A railway station
- B. A level crossing ahead
- C. A museum
- D. A tunnel
Show answer
B. A level crossing ahead
A railway level crossing is ahead. Slow down, look both ways and be prepared to stop.
Open this question on its own page →52. A triangular sign showing a walking figure on a crossing means:
- A. Pedestrians prohibited
- B. A pedestrian crossing is ahead
- C. A footpath ends
- D. A bus stop ahead
Show answer
B. A pedestrian crossing is ahead
A pedestrian crossing is ahead. Slow down and be ready to yield.
Open this question on its own page →53. What does a solid white line painted across your lane at an intersection mean?
- A. The edge of the roadway
- B. The point at which you must stop
- C. A pedestrian crossing
- D. A parking bay boundary
Show answer
B. The point at which you must stop
A transverse solid line marks where you must stop at a stop sign or red traffic light.
Open this question on its own page →54. What does a broken yellow line along the left edge of the roadway usually indicate?
- A. The edge of the roadway, marking a shoulder that is not a traffic lane
- B. A bus-only lane
- C. A no-parking zone
- D. A cycle lane
Show answer
A. The edge of the roadway, marking a shoulder that is not a traffic lane
It marks the edge of the roadway. The shoulder beyond it is not a traffic lane for ordinary driving.
Open this question on its own page →55. A red X displayed above your lane on a freeway means:
- A. Speed limit ends
- B. The lane is closed ahead; move out of it
- C. Toll plaza ahead
- D. Emergency vehicles only
Show answer
B. The lane is closed ahead; move out of it
A red X means the lane is closed. Move safely into an open lane.
Open this question on its own page →56. A green downward arrow above a lane means:
- A. The lane is closed
- B. You may use that lane
- C. The lane is for buses
- D. Stop in that lane
Show answer
B. You may use that lane
A green arrow indicates the lane below it is open for use.
Open this question on its own page →57. A triangular sign showing a vehicle on a steep downward slope warns of:
- A. A steep descent ahead
- B. A bridge ahead
- C. A mountain pass viewpoint
- D. A weighbridge
Show answer
A. A steep descent ahead
A steep descent is ahead. Select a lower gear before the descent so the engine helps control your speed.
Open this question on its own page →58. A triangular sign showing two vertical arrows, one up and one down, warns of:
- A. A one-way road
- B. Two-way traffic ahead
- C. A dual carriageway starting
- D. Overtaking allowed
Show answer
B. Two-way traffic ahead
Two-way traffic is ahead, often where a dual carriageway ends. Do not overtake into oncoming traffic.
Open this question on its own page →59. Signs showing services such as a hospital, fuel or a rest area are usually:
- A. Triangular with a red border
- B. Rectangular information signs
- C. Round with a red circle
- D. Yellow diamonds
Show answer
B. Rectangular information signs
Service and facility signs are rectangular information signs.
Open this question on its own page →60. What should you do when a sign indicates the road narrows ahead?
- A. Speed up to pass through first
- B. Slow down, check for oncoming traffic and be ready to give way
- C. Move onto the shoulder
- D. Switch on your hazards and continue
Show answer
B. Slow down, check for oncoming traffic and be ready to give way
Approach a narrowing with reduced speed and be prepared to yield, especially where only one vehicle fits at a time.
Open this question on its own page →61. What does a sign with a black diagonal line through a previous symbol indicate?
- A. The restriction is doubled
- B. The end of the restriction shown
- C. A warning of the restriction ahead
- D. The restriction applies to trucks only
Show answer
B. The end of the restriction shown
A black diagonal line through the symbol marks the end of that restriction.
Open this question on its own page →62. A blue rectangular sign marked with a bus symbol above a lane means:
- A. Buses are prohibited in that lane
- B. That lane is reserved for buses
- C. A bus stop is ahead
- D. Buses must stop
Show answer
B. That lane is reserved for buses
The lane is reserved for buses during the hours shown. Other vehicles may not use it in that period.
Open this question on its own page →63. A warning sign showing a raised bump in the road surface means:
- A. A bridge joint ahead
- B. A speed hump ahead
- C. Loose stones ahead
- D. A dip in the road
Show answer
B. A speed hump ahead
Slow down for the speed hump. Crossing it at speed damages the vehicle and can cause loss of control.
Open this question on its own page →64. A sign showing a road with a closed end indicates:
- A. A no-through road (dead end)
- B. Road closed for construction
- C. A private road
- D. A parking area
Show answer
A. A no-through road (dead end)
The road ahead has no exit. You will have to turn around and come back.
Open this question on its own page →65. Signs applying only to goods vehicles usually show:
- A. A car symbol
- B. A truck symbol
- C. A motorcycle symbol
- D. A bus symbol
Show answer
B. A truck symbol
A truck symbol on a sign means the instruction applies to goods vehicles.
Open this question on its own page →
Vehicle Controls (35 questions)
1. What is the primary purpose of the clutch pedal in a manual vehicle?
- A. To accelerate the vehicle
- B. To brake the vehicle
- C. To engage or disengage the engine from the gearbox when changing gear
- D. To start the engine
Show answer
C. To engage or disengage the engine from the gearbox when changing gear
The clutch disconnects the engine from the gearbox so you can change gears smoothly without damaging the transmission.
Open this question on its own page →2. What does ABS stand for, and what does it do?
- A. Automatic Brake Sensor - applies brakes for you
- B. Anti-lock Braking System - prevents the wheels locking during hard braking
- C. Advanced Brake Stabiliser - improves cornering
- D. Active Battery Saver - charges the battery
Show answer
B. Anti-lock Braking System - prevents the wheels locking during hard braking
ABS prevents the wheels from locking under hard braking, allowing you to steer while braking.
Open this question on its own page →3. What is the primary purpose of the handbrake (parking brake)?
- A. Emergency stops at speed
- B. Holding the vehicle stationary when parked
- C. Slowing the vehicle on a hill
- D. Replacing the foot brake when worn
Show answer
B. Holding the vehicle stationary when parked
The handbrake's main job is to keep the vehicle stationary once parked, usually by acting on the rear wheels.
Open this question on its own page →4. What does the speedometer show?
- A. Engine RPM
- B. Speed of the vehicle
- C. Fuel level
- D. Engine temperature
Show answer
B. Speed of the vehicle
The speedometer shows the current speed of the vehicle, in km/h in South Africa.
Open this question on its own page →5. What does the tachometer (rev counter) show?
- A. Speed of the vehicle
- B. Engine revolutions per minute (RPM)
- C. Distance travelled
- D. Battery voltage
Show answer
B. Engine revolutions per minute (RPM)
The tachometer shows engine RPM - useful for selecting the right gear in a manual.
Open this question on its own page →6. What should you do if the engine warning light comes on while driving?
- A. Ignore it
- B. Stop safely as soon as possible and check the vehicle
- C. Increase speed to clear it
- D. Switch off the ignition immediately
Show answer
B. Stop safely as soon as possible and check the vehicle
An engine warning light means a fault has been detected. Pull off safely and have the vehicle checked.
Open this question on its own page →7. What is the purpose of using your mirrors before changing lanes?
- A. To check your hair
- B. To check for traffic behind and beside you
- C. To signal to other drivers
- D. To clean the glass
Show answer
B. To check for traffic behind and beside you
Mirrors let you see traffic behind and to the side. Always check mirrors, signal, then check the blind spot.
Open this question on its own page →8. What is engine braking?
- A. Slamming the brake pedal
- B. Slowing the vehicle by easing off the accelerator and using lower gears
- C. Stopping the engine to slow down
- D. Using the handbrake on a moving vehicle
Show answer
B. Slowing the vehicle by easing off the accelerator and using lower gears
Engine braking uses the engine and lower gears to slow the vehicle - useful on long downhills to save brake pads.
Open this question on its own page →9. When the fuel warning light comes on, approximately how much fuel is usually left?
- A. None - the tank is empty
- B. About 10-15% - enough to find a filling station, not a long detour
- C. Half a tank
- D. It depends on the speed
Show answer
B. About 10-15% - enough to find a filling station, not a long detour
The fuel light typically indicates 10-15% remaining - enough for a short distance to find fuel, but don't gamble.
Open this question on its own page →10. How often should you check your tyre pressure?
- A. Once a year
- B. Only when the tyre looks flat
- C. At least once a month and before long trips
- D. Never - modern tyres don't need it
Show answer
C. At least once a month and before long trips
Tyre pressure should be checked at least monthly, and always before a long trip. Correct pressure is on the inside of the driver's door.
Open this question on its own page →11. What should you do if you have a tyre burst at high speed?
- A. Slam on the brakes
- B. Grip the steering wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator, and slow down gradually
- C. Swerve into the next lane
- D. Switch off the engine immediately
Show answer
B. Grip the steering wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator, and slow down gradually
Hold the wheel firmly, take your foot off the accelerator, and let the car slow down. Hard braking causes loss of control.
Open this question on its own page →12. The red oil-can warning light comes on while you are driving. What should you do?
- A. Note it and book a service soon
- B. Stop safely as soon as possible and switch off the engine - do not drive further
- C. Top up the oil while driving
- D. Drive slowly to the nearest garage
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B. Stop safely as soon as possible and switch off the engine - do not drive further
A red oil pressure light means critically low oil pressure. Driving even a few hundred metres can destroy the engine. Stop immediately and switch off.
Open this question on its own page →13. In a manual vehicle, from left to right, what are the three pedals?
- A. Brake, Clutch, Accelerator
- B. Clutch, Accelerator, Brake
- C. Clutch, Brake, Accelerator
- D. Accelerator, Brake, Clutch
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C. Clutch, Brake, Accelerator
The pedals are always Clutch (left), Brake (middle), Accelerator (right) in any manual vehicle - remember C-B-A from left to right.
Open this question on its own page →14. When should you use your hazard lights (double indicator)?
- A. Whenever you park, even briefly
- B. To warn other road users that your vehicle is a temporary hazard - e.g. broken down or making an emergency stop
- C. In heavy rain to increase visibility
- D. When driving slowly in traffic
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B. To warn other road users that your vehicle is a temporary hazard - e.g. broken down or making an emergency stop
Hazard lights signal that your vehicle is a temporary obstruction - use them when broken down, during an emergency stop, or when your vehicle is a hazard on the road. They do not give permission to park illegally.
Open this question on its own page →15. Your temperature gauge needle enters the red zone. What is the correct action?
- A. Turn up the heater fan to cool the engine
- B. Switch off the air conditioning to reduce load
- C. Pull over safely and switch off the engine immediately - the engine is overheating
- D. Speed up to increase airflow through the radiator
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C. Pull over safely and switch off the engine immediately - the engine is overheating
An overheating engine can seize within minutes. Pull off the road, switch off the engine, and wait for it to cool before opening the bonnet. Never open a pressurised hot radiator cap.
Open this question on its own page →16. What is the purpose of the clutch pedal in a manual vehicle?
- A. To increase engine speed
- B. To disengage the engine from the gearbox so gears can be changed
- C. To apply the brakes
- D. To switch on the lights
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B. To disengage the engine from the gearbox so gears can be changed
Pressing the clutch separates engine from gearbox so you can select a gear or stop without stalling.
Open this question on its own page →17. In a manual left-hand-drive-free South African car, what is the order of the pedals from left to right?
- A. Accelerator, brake, clutch
- B. Clutch, brake, accelerator
- C. Brake, clutch, accelerator
- D. Clutch, accelerator, brake
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B. Clutch, brake, accelerator
From the driver's left: clutch, brake, accelerator.
Open this question on its own page →18. What is the main purpose of the handbrake (parking brake)?
- A. To stop the vehicle in an emergency
- B. To hold the vehicle stationary once it has stopped
- C. To slow the vehicle gradually
- D. To lock the steering
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B. To hold the vehicle stationary once it has stopped
The handbrake holds a stationary vehicle. It is also used for hill starts, not for normal stopping.
Open this question on its own page →19. What is the recommended hand position on the steering wheel?
- A. Both hands at the top
- B. One hand at the bottom
- C. At roughly the 'quarter to three' position, one hand each side
- D. It does not matter
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C. At roughly the 'quarter to three' position, one hand each side
Hands at roughly quarter to three give the most control and keep your arms clear of the airbag.
Open this question on its own page →20. The temperature gauge moves into the red zone while you are driving. What should you do?
- A. Drive faster to cool the engine
- B. Stop as soon as it is safe, switch off and let the engine cool
- C. Switch on the air conditioner
- D. Ignore it and continue to your destination
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B. Stop as soon as it is safe, switch off and let the engine cool
Overheating destroys engines quickly. Stop safely, switch off, and do not open a hot radiator cap.
Open this question on its own page →21. A red oil warning light comes on while driving. What does it indicate?
- A. The fuel is low
- B. A loss of engine oil pressure; stop as soon as it is safe
- C. The oil needs changing at the next service
- D. The engine is cold
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B. A loss of engine oil pressure; stop as soon as it is safe
Low oil pressure can wreck an engine within minutes. Stop safely and switch off.
Open this question on its own page →22. How often should you check your mirrors while driving?
- A. Only before overtaking
- B. Regularly, every few seconds, and always before signalling, braking or turning
- C. Only when reversing
- D. Once every kilometre
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B. Regularly, every few seconds, and always before signalling, braking or turning
Frequent mirror checks build an ongoing picture of the traffic around you.
Open this question on its own page →23. What must you do with your bright (main beam) lights when a vehicle approaches from the front?
- A. Leave them on so the other driver can see you
- B. Dip them to avoid blinding the oncoming driver
- C. Flash them repeatedly
- D. Switch off all lights briefly
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B. Dip them to avoid blinding the oncoming driver
Dip your lights in good time. Blinding an oncoming driver is dangerous and an offence.
Open this question on its own page →24. When should you switch on your indicator before turning?
- A. As you begin to turn
- B. In good time before the turn, so other road users can react
- C. After you have completed the turn
- D. Only if other vehicles are nearby
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B. In good time before the turn, so other road users can react
Signal early enough for others to react, but not so early that it confuses them about which turn you mean.
Open this question on its own page →25. Why should you select a lower gear before a long, steep descent?
- A. To save fuel
- B. So engine braking helps control speed and the brakes do not overheat
- C. To make the engine quieter
- D. It is not necessary in a modern car
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B. So engine braking helps control speed and the brakes do not overheat
Riding the brakes down a long descent overheats them until they fade. A lower gear lets the engine do the work.
Open this question on its own page →26. What is engine braking?
- A. Using the handbrake while moving
- B. Slowing the vehicle by releasing the accelerator in gear, letting engine resistance reduce speed
- C. Switching off the engine to stop
- D. Braking and accelerating at the same time
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B. Slowing the vehicle by releasing the accelerator in gear, letting engine resistance reduce speed
In gear with your foot off the accelerator, engine resistance slows the vehicle without using the brakes.
Open this question on its own page →27. How often should tyre pressures be checked?
- A. Once a year
- B. At least monthly, and before a long trip
- C. Only when a tyre looks flat
- D. Only at a service
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B. At least monthly, and before a long trip
Check pressures at least monthly when the tyres are cold. Underinflation ruins fuel consumption, handling and tyre life.
Open this question on its own page →28. What does ABS (anti-lock braking system) do?
- A. It shortens braking distance on every surface
- B. It prevents the wheels from locking so you can still steer while braking hard
- C. It brakes automatically for you
- D. It switches on the hazard lights when you brake
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B. It prevents the wheels from locking so you can still steer while braking hard
ABS keeps the wheels turning under heavy braking so you retain steering control. Press firmly and keep steering.
Open this question on its own page →29. A red battery warning light stays on while driving. What does this usually mean?
- A. The battery is fully charged
- B. The charging system is not charging the battery
- C. The headlights are on
- D. The engine is due for a service
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B. The charging system is not charging the battery
It signals a charging fault, usually the alternator or drive belt. The vehicle will eventually stop when the battery drains.
Open this question on its own page →30. How should the driver's seat be adjusted?
- A. As far back as possible for comfort
- B. So you can fully depress the pedals with a slight bend in the knee and reach the wheel comfortably
- C. As close to the steering wheel as possible
- D. So your arms are completely straight
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B. So you can fully depress the pedals with a slight bend in the knee and reach the wheel comfortably
You must be able to press the pedals fully with a slight knee bend and hold the wheel with slightly bent arms.
Open this question on its own page →31. How should the head restraint be positioned?
- A. As low as possible
- B. With the top of the restraint roughly level with the top of your head
- C. Removed for better visibility
- D. Tilted fully forward
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B. With the top of the restraint roughly level with the top of your head
A correctly set head restraint reduces whiplash injury in a rear-end collision.
Open this question on its own page →32. In a vehicle with air brakes, what should you do if the low air pressure warning activates?
- A. Continue driving and pump the brake pedal
- B. Stop safely as soon as possible and do not drive until the fault is fixed
- C. Switch off the warning buzzer
- D. Drive faster to build pressure
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B. Stop safely as soon as possible and do not drive until the fault is fixed
Low air pressure means the brakes may fail. Stop safely and do not continue until it is resolved.
Open this question on its own page →33. What is the purpose of a retarder or engine brake on a heavy vehicle?
- A. To increase engine power
- B. To help slow the vehicle without using the service brakes, especially on long descents
- C. To lock the differential
- D. To warm the engine
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B. To help slow the vehicle without using the service brakes, especially on long descents
A retarder slows the vehicle without the service brakes, keeping them cool and effective on long descents.
Open this question on its own page →34. Compared with a car, the blind spots on a heavy vehicle are:
- A. Smaller, because the driver sits higher
- B. Much larger, particularly directly in front, behind and along the left side
- C. The same size
- D. Only a problem when reversing
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B. Much larger, particularly directly in front, behind and along the left side
Large vehicles have extensive blind spots. Mirrors must be checked constantly and adjusted before every trip.
Open this question on its own page →35. Who is responsible for ensuring a load is properly secured?
- A. The person who loaded it
- B. The driver of the vehicle
- C. The vehicle owner only
- D. Nobody, if it is a short trip
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B. The driver of the vehicle
The driver is responsible for ensuring the load is secure and within legal dimensions and mass before moving off.
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